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ischemic heart disease etiology
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Cardiolipin-the future treatment of Parkinson's disease and IHD
Cardiolipin-Role in Parkinson's disease and ischemic heart disease
Cardiolipin or just 1,3 – bis (SN -3 '-phosphatidyl) – sn-glycerol is an important component of the mitochondria. It is a structure with a phoshlipid dimer, with four acyl groups and potentially carry two negative charges. It is found mainly in the mammalian heart than other organs 1.
Cardiolipin is part of normal plasma lipo proteins. Traditionally not considered part of the plasma lipoprotein, but recent research has proven otherwise 2. It is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria, where He participates in the activation of enzymes involved in oxidative phosphyrlation. Cardiolipin was identified as part of the respiratory chain and part of mitochondrial complex crystals III, IV and complex ADP-ATP carrier, and is known to be essential for the stability of the quaternary structure proteins of the last 1, leading to ATP production, which is very essential for cell function 1. With the ATP available, any cell is able to maintain their functional capacity.
It is known to play an active role cardiolipin oxidative phosphorylation in the mechanisms regulate the phase 4 of the respiratory cycle, returning the Protons and expelled through most of the phospholipid membrane of bacteria and mitochondria, which regulate State 3 respiration through the relative contributions of proteins that transport protons, electrons and / or its metabolites. Properties barrier of phospholipid bilayers promote and regulate the slow leak of protons which is the basis of 4 state 3 respiration. Cardiolipins mitochondria, particularly those which have a high content of 18:2 acyl carrier to bind strongly to many proteins and enzymes that are involved in oxidative phosphorylation, some of that contribute to the regulation of respiration state 3.
Role in Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease both aetiologies mai-1) Vascular 2) The death or destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Cardiolipin is part of HDL cholesterol and improves activities and anticoagulation Plasma protein S and activated protein C, thereby preventing Parkinson's disease, vascular etiology 4. The largest complex is destroyed in the substantia Niagra is CQ 10 (coenzyme Q 10Complex) found in mitochondria, together with cardiolipin 3. CQ10 destruction would be reduced if enough cardiolipin available. Since cardiolipin forms a component of complex 3 and complex 4, it would save time CQ10 rusty first. Mitochondria can replace cardiolipin required for Complex3 complex and 4 of blood. This delayed apoptosis and slow the progression of the disease. Administration of CQ 10 has potential side effects, as can be a source superoxide radicals 5. In the current treatment of Parkinson CQ10 is not a standard combination of treatment.A of CQ10 in adequate doses and cardiolipin analogue newly Developed May Prevent Parkinson's disease in people with a family history of disease and halt the progression of those who have the disease. It There have been no studies to date, both oversaw the improvement of Parkinson's disease after administration CQ10. It is also proved that the destruction of new results of cardiolipin in the brain cells in brain tumors 6.
Role in Heart Disease
Cardiolipin is the most in the heart. With the integral formation of the structure of mitochondria of cardiac myocytes, increases the efficiency of the heart as a everything and improves function. For its anti-coagulant in combination with protein C and S, would prevent ischemic heart disease 4. The future protocol of disease management of IHD are definitely an analogue of cardiolipin and CQ 10, with the regular pattern of drugs used for treatment.
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