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hypertensive heart disease prognosis
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Sleep Apnea
Definition
Sleep apnea is a condition in which breathing stops more than ten seconds during sleep. This results in the prevention of oxygen in the lungs and brain that can lead to drowsiness and fatigue during the day. This can lead to more severe and potentially fatal complications such as stroke and inadequate heart.
Description
Sleep apnea is divided into two types of central and obstructive. The central sleep apnea (less common) is when the brain fails to signal the muscles of breathing to start breathing. Apnea Obstructive sleep is the repeated episodes of airway obstruction during sleep, which typically reduces oxygen in the blood.
A distinctive, but not the only form of sleep apnea is known as Pickwickian syndrome, named after a Charles Dickens character Oliver Twist. As individuals mentioned who had the syndrome of Pickwick overweight. This indicates that the accumulation of fat soft tissue around the neck, with loss of muscle tone. When the neck muscles relax during sleep, which causes the windpipe to collapse resulting loud snoring at intervals of silence. The collapse of the airway causes the oxygen level in the blood drop and send a signal to the brain to awaken the person simply tighten the muscles of the upper airway. The reopening of the trachea that produced a noise like a snore or breath before the snoring starts. This cycle can occur hundreds of times each night. More recently, it was recognized that sleep apnea also occurs even in people of normal weight who have no distinguishing characteristics of Pickwick syndrome. His condition may be caused by other factors such as deviation nasal septum and excess soft palate tissue. The obstructive sleep apnea in children can be caused by inflammation of the tonsils and vegetations. This can be corrected by tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. In adults, surgery to remove the airway obstruction May be required depending on the anatomical structure.
Statistics
Approximately 6-7% of the population U.S., 18 million Americans are believed to have sleep apnea. However, only about 10 million have symptoms and only 0.8 million have been diagnosed. In the United States aged 30-60 years, the obstructive sleep apnea affects nearly one in four men and one woman in ten. Other predisposing factors include age. Approximately 20-60% of older people may be affected. The overweight or obese, consumption of alcohol or sedatives are other factors.
Treatment
1) When viewing an internist professional or family member to receive and provide information on the symptoms that are experienced not only by the person and presence of a family member. She presented to a sleep specialist
2) Obtain evidence through a study of sleep apnea can be done at home, doctor's office or laboratory sleep in a hospital.
3) Devices the CPAP (continuous positive pressure airway) and BiPAP (Bi-level positive inspiratory pressure) are beneficial to keep the airways open during sleep. A stream of pressurized air is delivered to a mask that fits over the nose or both nose and mouth. This is considered the most effective and widely used therapy.
4) Exercise 20-30 minutes every day at least five or six hours before bedtime, perhaps better, both for better sleep and weight loss.
5) Avoid caffeine related stimulants in coffee, tea, chocolate, some diet drugs.
6) Smoking disrupts sleep, causing an early morning awakening in response to nicotine abstinence.
Forecast
The treatment of sleep apnea usually prevents or reverses the complications of pulmonary hypertension, hypertension and heart disease. People suffering from obstructive sleep apnea who are unable or unwilling to tolerate CPAP or BiPAP may be suffering abnormal heart rhythm, decreased alertness, and sleep deprivation. Quality of life is of utmost interest to all persons and must be sought and achieved resources that are available.
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