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Bio-informatics, bio-medicine and genetic engineering in drug development and future of medical care
Bioinformatics, BIO – MEDICAL AND gene manipulation in the drug development AND FUTURE OF MEDICAL CARE.
Dr.TVRao, MD
Bioinformatics is an emerging science, which brings together the fields of microbiology, molecular biology, biotechnology and genetics in the fold of computers and software in computer tech. Thank you to James Watson – Crick in the basic understanding of bacterial DNA (genome). Coding of chromosomes and super-computers, data bases and software sophistication of the technology code of life, bioinformatics is now a large company. Research reports, all the world (300 laboratories), recently presented at a major conference in the genome of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, has clearly shown that technology has created exciting. Doctors in the past to the problems of life and illness in clinical medicine, laboratory tests and some other advanced techniques. Bioinformatics changes the whole concept in the future may be forced to see life and disease by the chemistry of genes. The facts on the draft genome humans have been published on the Internet by the U.S. Energy Department and the National Institutes of Health, the best approach for any scientist or doctor Learning Genomic Sciences in detail.
1. Results based Genome Project: a) The life is equal between two people until 99.9% as the secret of the difference is only 0.1%, which contributes to our individuality. b) There are about 30,000 genes. c) Genetic mutations are common among men than men are agents of change. d) genetic diseases are so common among men.
2. Computer Speaks (Bio Information) the burden of complex information to a computer, it is said that life is an information package with a clear message that the book of life written in the complex DNA, consisting of four letters. ATGC
A = adenine T = thymine G = guanine C = cytosine.
Currently, we have> 85% of information in 23 pairs of human chromosomes. In the science of the future hopes that the doctor can not solve the many mysteries of the disease by focusing only a computer and the biggest advantage is the detection of more genetic disorders. In the future, a variety of tests diagnosis can be made by teams Bioinform, the chip location of base pairs in place of the abnormal gene different. However, in many countries leading scientific bodies are on their way to bioinformatics, with the objective of making available the latest scientific discoveries of many people.
3. Bioinformatics and gene therapy: Gene therapy with problems in the past, will return with a greater understanding the human genome. Many paths of gene therapy will become virtual realities.
4. Bioinformatics and Proteomics: Knowledge of information gene and genome sciences lead to the science of proteomics to catalog and analyze all the proteins in the human body. The science of Proteomics (Structural Genomics) will revolutionize the understanding of hormones, immunoglobulins has led to infections and enzymes to break down the construction or energy reserves. We are now aware that there are also many proteins that guide our life (50,000 to about 2 million). However, some proteins have a real orchestra, the change of different actions. Bio and many technology companies have started proteomics program, if events occur at the desired expectations, providing a better quality of life of service to small details.
5. Human Genome Project – Drugs of the Future: Currently, we use certain drugs with a comprehensive understanding to target only the 500 proteins in body of the 30,000 proteins already known to us. With a better understanding of the genome, researchers have a good understanding of what happens, if acting drugs at the molecular level. Until now, many drugs are experienced in trial and error mainly involved in the level of signs and symptoms, and very low levels in the cell.
With advances in genomic medicine will approach more efficient in the discovery and clinical application. In the future, it is possible to target diseases such as diabetes and cancer before the onset physical disease (phenotypic expression). The scientific views are interfering with the diseased cells without affecting healthy cells, which makes treatment less toxic and harmful. The discovery in this regard lead to the discovery of monoclonal antibodies, the choice of particular receptor in cancer cells responsible for the spread of the disease. And 12 drugs that are available in leading these Herceptin be developed if HE-2/neu blocks the receptor, which is important in certain cells of breast cancer. Tepper group is underway to find an antibody that can block the receptor for common cancers such as breast, prostate, lung and colon to create a super drug for many cancers. With a better understanding of the fight against cancer drug discovery bioinformatics focuses on the target with fewer toxic effects.
6. Genomic Based Drug Discovery: Alfred Gilman, a pharmacologist and winner of 1994 Nobel Prize for his work in cell signaling mechanism is now working with the objective of mapping the chemical pathways in cells and use knowledge to create a virtual cell with all the tracks on a computer. Now, pharmaceutical companies are using bioinformatics algorithms to predict protein function encoded by newly discovered genes. Many drugs they are discovering more and more rapid move to new area of computing to fuel their endless quest for new drugs and better targets.
7. Major diseases of the list of pharmaceutical
The following diseases are targeted by many pharmaceutical companies Bioinformatics include: AIDS, mental illness, autoimmune diseases, obesity, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease and Parkinson's disease.
From experience the reality
The sequence of events the discovery of Joshua Lederberg Nobel Prize (1958) on the exchange of DNA among pairs of chromosomes that leads to a process homologous recombination to express the genetic variation in the population. Current Events Discovery Mario Capecchi and Oliver Smithies used homologous recombination in cells mammals. Homologous recombination could occur between cell DNA introduced chromosome can be repaired even with the help of genes induced and received the Nobel Prize in 2007. This study was directed against them by the role of genes involved in organ development in mammals. Part human error innate One will focus on the events of malformation. If future experiments mouse models are successful will be used for gene targeting The art of medicine will be enriched with biology as a source of future medical developments.
The changing role of biology Medicine: We better understanding of genes and inheretence. The search to discover disease genes related field its peak. We know now 3 million bases of DNA in the human genome has identified only about one tenth of one percent (in millions) differ from person to another. The variation of these private letters SNIPS called SNPs or single nucleotide polymorphisms to have replaced genes as the unit of heredity.
The role of bioinformatics and biomedicine on the medical profession: In the near future, all standard text books medicine, art, magazines renowned medical institutions identify the origin of the genetic basis of disease location, pairs gene responsible for a complicated disease. Treatment approaches will be on the objectives of the disease process and not vague. We teachers in medicine should focus on understanding the role of genes in disease and to disseminate the message to our students. We learn to understand many diseases have a genetic basis and unlock the problem with a correct key. Let there be more workshops, seminars and CME Guidance on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, our doctors, so that the monkeys are not against a team Bioinform.
About the Author
Dr.T.V.Rao works as A professor in Medical Microbiology in India and interesting in propagation of futuristic ideas in science and Medicine to develop creative ideas in younger generation.
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