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Fight & Win: DMD, LGMD with DMB & Ayurveda
Introduction: Duchenne word comes from Latin and Greek root means "bad nourishment". When physicians began to describe muscle disease in the 19th century, they had few other tools in his own eyes. The muscles of many diseases which seemed to be eroded, and doctors theorize that somehow € ™ t were not properly fed. Today, we know that the loss of many muscle diseases are caused by defects in muscle protein genes. Most of these proteins appear to play a role in supporting structure of muscle fibers, although some proteins may play a role in the biochemical processes that go inside the muscle fibers. The term muscular dystrophy refers to a group of genetic diseases characterized by weakness and progressive degeneration of muscles skeletal or voluntary control movement. The heart muscle and some other involuntary muscles are also affected in some forms of muscular dystrophy, and a few forms involve other organs as well. The major forms of muscular dystrophy of Steinert, Duchenne, Becker, member of the belt, facioscapulo-humeral congenital eye pharangeal, distal and Emery-Dreifuss. Some of these names are based on the location of the affected muscles. For example, "facioscapulo-humeral" refers to the muscles that move the face, scapula (shoulder blade) and humerus (upper arm bone). Others are based on the type of muscle problem involved ( "Steinert" means difficulty relaxing muscle), age of onset of disease (as in "congenital" or home delivery, dystrophy), or the health professionals first described the disease (Duchenne Becker, Emery and Dreifuss, are the names of doctors € ™). The forms of muscular dystrophy differ in severity, age of onset, The first and most affected muscles, the speed at which symptoms progress, and how disorders are inherited. Muscular dystrophy diagnosed by muscle biopsy, DNA testing (electromyography EMG) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Blood tests are useful because degenerate muscle enzyme leakage. This leakage of enzymes, which can then be detected in the blood. The presence of these enzymes in the blood at levels higher than normal is a sign of muscular dystrophy. An enzyme such as creatine kinase or CK. CPK is high in many forms of muscular dystrophy, some forms leading to a higher level than others.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the deadly X most common abnormalities associated recessive, which affects 1 in 3500 live births (1). Children with DMD show the first symptoms of muscle degeneration often develop contractures, and lose the ability to walk between 6 and 12 years. With progression of the disease, most patients succumb to death from respiratory failure and cardiac dysfunction in twenty years (2). The main cause of this disease is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, which is essential for the integrity structural and functional muscle (3). Mutations in dystrophin result in membrane damage, allowing massive infiltration of immune cells, chronic inflammation, necrosis and severe muscle degeneration (2). Normally, muscle cells have the capacity to regenerate in response to signs of injury. However, this ability is lost in DMD, probably due to the depletion of cells satellites during the ongoing degeneration and regeneration cycles (1). Although dystrophin mutations are the primary cause of DMD, it process is secondary in the persistent inflammation and impaired regeneration which may exacerbate disease progression. DMD is characterized by (i) The cases of muscle weakness usually before the age of 4, (ii) the selective involvement of muscles of the pelvic girdle and shoulder, (iii) hypertrophy of calf muscles, (iv) extremely high levels of serum CK and (v) the relentlessly progressive muscle weakness, leading an inability to work at home and 10 years later, contractions and chest deformity. There is no specific treatment for any what system of medicine and death usually occurs before the age of 20 due to respiratory failure or, more rarely, cardiac injury (4).
Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) was originally described by Becker and Kiener in 1955. (5, 6). The signs, symptoms and evolution of the Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are similar to Duchenne, but generally later and progress more slowly. BMD is generally milder than DMD. The clinical distinction between the 2 conditions is relatively easy because (i) less severe muscle deficiencies observed in patients with BMD and (ii) maternal uncles are affected with BMD to walk after 15-20 years. The accuracy of diagnosis has been refined with the recognition of defects in the gene for dystrophin staining and dystrophin in muscle biopsy samples. (3, 4, 5). Becker dystrophy may appear at first much later dystrophy, even as late as 25 years. The progression is usually slower, with the ability to walk normally keeps 30. The severity of the disease varies, and children and men with Becker dystrophy have a life expectancy longer than those with Duchenne. The progression of weakness depends on the amount dystrophin is done and how it functions in muscle.
Girdle muscular dystrophy (CMD) is characterized by proximal muscle weakness, neuromuscular disorders of the pelvic girdle and shoulder and a variable progression with symptoms ranging from very serious to light (7), (4). The beginning of the girdle muscular dystrophy member (DMC) is usually in adolescence or adulthood. Weakness of the most common cause progressive LGMD begins in the hips and moves her shoulders. The lack of progress to include the arms and legs. In the 20 years of appearance, walking is difficult. The researchers found that autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy may result from defects in genes on chromosomes 2, 13, 15 and 17, and an autosomal decision may be the result of genetic abnormalities on chromosome 5. A gene on chromosome 15 which encodes the enzyme calpain 3 may play a role in some cases LGM D.
Pathogenesis: From dystrophy is a genetic disorder is caused by the absence of single muscle protein dystrophin (1 of 3000 muscle proteins). DMD and BMD are due to various changes in the gene for dystrophin, which contains information for a protein that is important for muscle cells to function properly. This gene is located on chromosome X. Dystrophin is located the sarcolemma in normal skeletal muscle, but is totally absent in the muscles of DMD patients (8). Usually the disease is hereditary but due to spontaneous mutation is greater than 30% of the time. Each child of the surrogate mother has a probability of 50% of the inheritance of muscular dystrophy. Well that girls can carry more than 80% have no symptoms associated with muscular dystrophy. In presenting a hypothesis postulates a defect in the membrane that allows a substance sarcolemmal substances (or) is still unknown but which could be calcium entering the muscle fibers too freely, and to activate neutral proteases, which in turn, maintain an excessive degree of muscle catabolism and cause necrosis of muscle fibers. (9, 10, 11, 12).
No treatment is currently known in any system of medicine that has a definite effect on muscular dystrophy. The absence of specific treatment for Duchenne muscle, it is even more important to discuss strategies and options for treatment. In India, the Duchenne Boys always seek help Ayurvedic in the hope of some relief. The treatment group participation Ayurvedic Rasayana or mineral-based medicine Herb Gold, support and procedures specific Panch karma yoga have shown the influence of protection defined and longer survival in the muscular dystrophy. Ayurvedic Acharyas examine carefully this condition as adibala-pravrit Mamsa-Vata kshaya because srotorodha. It Mamsagni depletion paving the way for the formation of Ama. It follows on the basis of Kapha dosha. (13, 14, 15). Although hypertrophy srotorodha occurs in the region in particular, but also manifest as Prokopa first, then the depletion Vata element. This complex pathology is responsible for the progressive loss and necrosis of muscle fibers affected.
Ayurveda Shows 13 Agnis main types (enzyme complex) that are responsible for the metabolism process. Each of the seven individual dhatus dhatvagnis. The increase or decrease of dhatus particular depends on the increase or decrease dhatvagnis respectively. According to Charak, Mamsa-May kshaya be present when prolonged majjagata kupit Vata. This is always followed by the depletion of the Vata element. It is the genetic predisposition (dosha Beej) who become Vata element physiological disease pathology. The srotodushti (? Default sarcolemma membrane) is responsible for Mamsa kshaya dhatu.
The concept of dosha-dhatu-Mala (DD-M) is unique in Ayurveda. The dhatus are substances that are retained by the body and always rejuvenated or replaced. Ras-Rakta Asthi Mamsa-Meda-Sukra-Majja and seven dhatus that develops in the human body in a sequential decline of another. Each dhatu is successful refinement metabolic previous dhatu and get nourished by it. The first dhatu Rasa (nutrient fluid) is the end product of metabolism of digestion occurs in the gastrointestinal tract. The Rasa dhatu must be metabolized Rakta dhatu. The Mamsa dhatu has dhatu Rakta and, in turn, lead to Meda dhatu. The dhatu is Asthi product containing Majja dhatupaka Meda dhatu which is the seat of Vata. (13, 15)
We know that vata (prana) and Rakta dhatu are two important elements of sustaining life in the body. The Vata was assigned as the genetic material that contains essential information for the life of the various activities. The Rakta dhatu is the basis of force providing organic nutrients at the cellular level and opens the way for the elimination of toxins and metabolic diseases. The driving force beyond Dhatu Rakta Vata is the element that directs itself at the cellular level, with Rakta. The combined circulation of both Rakta and Vata is a manifestation of the vital (prana). This prana is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle fibers or muscle activity. This means that we must focus our attention on dhatvagnis Rasa-Paka-Mamsa Rakta Meda and Asthi also dhatus and dhatus Majja. In this context, the Ayurvedic Rasayana therapy plays an important role to play. (16, 17) ex – Ayurvedic physicians have developed certain dietary and therapeutic measures to stop or delay the process of degeneration and regeneration functional dynamics of the system of the body. This revitalization and rejuvenation is known as the â € ~ Chikitsaâ Rasayana € ™ (therapy rejuvenation). Rasayana are special resources that fuel the increase Ayurvedic each enzyme dhatu Rasa dhatu. Ayurveda uses the source of minerals Herbal and metal for this purpose. Traditionally, Rasayana drugs are used against many different disorders apparently no connection pathophysiological by modern medicine. However, this group of plants in general has an anti-oxidant power, only a few have been studied in detail. Neurodegenerative diseases have been reported as reactive species of oxygen at Rasayana and several mediation plants with anti-oxidant power have been documented by many researchers (18). Gold Bhasma pure low doses have been used successful management of degenerative diseases and Majja dhatu Mamsa. (19, 20, 21). Some Ayurvedic herbs known for its effects are scientifically verified Rasayana for their possible effect on the management of muscular dystrophy. The famous plant Curcuma longa has been widely studied by immuno-localization and activation nuclear factor —
() Kappa B in polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Data support the hypothesis that NF-? B contributes to the perpetuation of dystrophic damage and demonstrate that the blockade has beneficial effects on functional biochemical and morphological parameters. These new findings may have clinical implications for the pharmacological treatment of patients with muscular dystrophy. (22, 23, 24, 25, 26). Withania somnifera is wonderful ayurvedic herb that is widely used for stress, stamina and brain function. Contains Withanolides which is anti-inflammatory induced significant regeneration of axons, dendrites, pre-and post-synaptic in the synapses of neurons. It eliminates the generation of free radicals, but improves also neuronal dysfunction. (27) (28) (29). Heart problems associated with some forms of muscular dystrophy, often need treatment. Terminalia Arjuna has remarkable cardiovascular protection, heart muscle strengthening properties. The current scientific research has shown that this plant contains specific medically active constituents namely triterpine glycosides as arjunetosides I, II, III, IV and arjunin arjunetein, phytosterols, rich in minerals such as calcium, magnesium, zinc and copper. Arjuna regular use improves cardiac activity, improves cardiac muscle strength, decreased levels of LDL cholesterol. It has been reported to possess cardiovascular protective properties and lipid lowering. (30). Similarly Tinospora cordifolia has been used in general debility, digestive disturbances, loss of appetite and fever in children. It is also an effective immunostimulant. Its main components are tinosporine, tinosporide, cordifolide and cordifolide. The plant is used in Ayurvedic Rasayana for stimulate the immune system and body ™ € s resistance to infection (31). Praval be a natural source rich in calcium, calcined Coral is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine as a supplement in the treatment of various disorders of bone metabolism associated with a deficiency calcium. Bhasma Praval is effective in preventing calcium deficiency contractures and spine deformities (32).
Rasayana molecule does not operate normally without purification procedure. The deepan, the process should be strengthened pachan toxins, the dosha must be balanced and must be dhatus eliminated through metabolic processes for the karma Panch Rasayana molecule to work (33), (35). Support Yoga is always useful in the treatment muscular dystrophy. Pawanamuktasa Series of Yoga Asanas and Pranayama Bhastrica are important, especially when the dystrophy has progressed over the years. Deep breathing and laugh often recommended to improve respiratory care (19, 20).
Materials and Methods: Taking into account the complex involved in the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy, a special supplement of Ayurvedic Rasayana been developed using deep-dhatu pachan vardhak srotorodhahara Mamsa and Ayurvedic remedies. The supplement Mamsagni developed and designated as Rasayana. It combines the proven benefits effects of Curcuma longa, Withania somnifera, Tinospora cordifolia, Terminalia Arjuna, calcined Coral (Praval) and Bhasma However, all accused in the juice of Aloe Vera barbendensis. The assay was Rasayana Mamsagni set at 20 mg per kilogram of body weight. The drug was administered orally in two equal doses after a meal with 100 ml milk for a period of 6 months.
More than 100 cases of myopathy have been enrolled in Panch Karma Clinic Medical Center Institute, Bhilai and Treaties in March 1999 and September 2004. We selected a total of 28 children with DMD, 19 children and 8 children DMO LMGD to include in our clinical study. Everyone Duchenne Boys are subject to procedures Panch Karma 2 weeks before the oral administration of Rasayana Mamsagni with the support of yoga for 6 months. The treatment program consists of (i) Amended Til-Mash Pinda Swedana using fresh leaves of Tejapatra (Cinnamomum Tamala) Nirgundi (Vitex negundo) and Sprouted Methi (Trigonella foenum) the seeds Additional ingredients such as Til, Masha, unpolished rice, and wheat bran, all cooked in the decoction of Bala (Sida cordifolia), Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) and milk. (ii) with oil Anuvasana Vashti Prasarn Shatbala. A mixture of 80% sesame oil, soybean oil and 10% castor oil 10% was used as base oil was treated by the standard method. The Director of plants used in the preparation of oil are Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus), Bala (Sida cordifolia) and Ashwagandha (W. Somnifera) and Nirgundi (Vitex negundo), and Haridra (Curcuma domestica), and Daru Haridra (Berberis aristata) and Moustakas (Cyperus rotundus) and Barbreng (Embelia Ribes) and Mamsa Rohini (febrifuda Soymida). These herbs are used as properties neuromuscular tonic because of its balance Vata.
Observation and Results: In our study, motor functions were evaluated by total score engine, upper and lower grades and test the role of the intended function. Disability was quantified with Barthel index. Children were handicapped in many spheres of life, which has significantly influenced the engine power. Barthel index was useful in identifying and quantification of specific areas of disability in these children.
It was noted that arrest the degeneration of muscle fibers after 6 weeks of administration of Rasayana Mamsagni. It is presumed on the basis of CPK reduced the blood, improves the functional capacity and quality of life. All Duchenne boys, who completed the trial showed signs of improvement defined as follows: (i) loss, weight (ii) Reduction of difficulty walking, and (iii) reduce the severity of contractures and scoliosis. However, children with DMD showed very slow progress.
Discussion: now know that losing the degenerative disease in younger patients are caused by defects in muscle protein genes. Most of these proteins appear to play a role in supporting the structure of muscle fibers, although some Enzymes are biochemical. DMD and BMD are caused by the absence of dystrophin protein. Rasayana Ayurvedic medicines are well known for its effect Delay / slow or reverse the progressive muscle degeneration. (14), (18) (20) (22) (34) (38). Some ingredients Mamsagni Rasayana have been scientifically tested for their possible protective influence in muscular dystrophy (21-29). Mamsagni Rasayana Mamsagni is to increase the level of muscle. It balances Vata disorder, because He loves and therefore retards muscle degeneration due to Ama (fatty deposit). The Til-Mash Pinda Swedana improves and stabilizes the membrane eliminates the shortcomings of excess fat. The broad component Anuvasana balances Vata. The Yogi Pawan series Support Muktasana minimize contractures, a condition often associated with muscular dystrophy, which shortened muscles around joints cause abnormal and sometimes position painful joints. In addition, Pawan Muktasana with some others, such as Asanas Bhujangasana may prevent or delay scoliosis, a curvature of the spine. Pranayama May support Bhastrika Cardio – respiratory system and can improve the process of beta-oxidation at the cellular level. As we have noted the improvement functional capacity, with a decrease in serum creatine kinase (CK) which means there is to see the destruction of the posterior muscle.
Abstract:
Muscular dystrophies are genetic diseases with successful treatment of any medical system. It is progressive muscle wasting disease caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene and lack of protein in muscle. It results from chronic inflammation and severe degeneration of skeletal muscle. How the lack of sarcolemmal protein dystrophin results in the final state of the disease remains uncertain. Several accounts suggest a role for deregulation of NF-kappa in muscular dystrophy. Nuclear factor-kappa B blockade reduces degeneration skeletal muscles and improves muscle function. Regulation and control of NF? B is important. Til-Mash Pinda Swedana Ayurvedic treatment with Herb Rasayana mineral resources should be considered in light of possible influence on the membrane of the sarcolemma and NF? B: bloc. In this context, research is needed to identify safe ayurveda herbs oriented techniques of yoga and karma Panch procedures to continue to improve complementary approach of Ayurveda. Ayurveda program is useful in managing long term pain muscular dystrophy. There is need for a center controlled clinical trials in multiple large-scale study design and improvement of assessment techniques.
References: —
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About the author:
Dr. Mukesh Jain is program director Panch Clinic Neuromuscular Karma to Sanjivani Ayurvedic Hospital, Bhilai. It is well known Ayurvedic Panch Karma professional since 1981, earned a double objective: Basic Science, Ayurveda with modern medicine and surgery both Saugar Universities and Ravi Shankar, is the author of two scientific books on Yoga & Ayurveda on the editorial board of Global Ayurveda World Health Review & Light on Ayurveda Journal, is president of the Society of Duchenne muscular Ayush AYUSH letter Bhilai CG Samiti India.
http://openlibrary.org/a/OL4097418A
Address for communications and questions:
Mukesh D Jain
6 / 5 Priyadarshani East Supella 490,023 Bhilai, India
Email: mjainbhilai@gmail.com
Tel; 0-9826180335 cell 0788-2392358
Following graphic images are not displayed:
1. Analysis results in improving functional ability (Barthel Scale)
2. Clinical improvement after 6 months.
3. Improvement quality of life.
Fig 2 Results of analysis of functional ability (Barthel Scale)
Figure 3 The clinical improvement after 6 months
Figure 4 Improvement of Quality Life
The information available to the research is presented in collaboration with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine
nccam.nih.gov / research.
It is very interesting and quite well done for science Ayurvedic. The document recommends that the Conference of the Study Group on NAMA.
Dr. Marc Halpern
President of the California College of Ayurveda United States
Study interesting and well done to him. Transmitted to the President of the Scientific Committee of the Professional Association of Ayurveda, Dr. Eduardo Cardona-Sanclemente.
Dr. Donn Brennan
President, Ayurveda Practitioners Association, UK
Very well describes the approach point of view of CAM. There is no possibility to ask NCCAM research grant would facilitate large-scale project.
Prof. MS Rao, Sc.D.
Howard University. Col. of Medicine
Washington, DC
About the Author
Hon. President of AYUSH Academy of Ayurvedic Medical Sciences & Fellow of French Association of Medical Yoga. Double graduated in Basic Sciences, Ayurveda with Modern Medicine and Surgery both from Sagar & Ravi Shanker Universities. A teacher, researcher, an author of two scientific books on Ayurveda & Yoga; On editorial board of several journals including Global Ayurveda & Light on Ayurveda Journal. Currently head of Panch Karma Clinic on Neuro-Muscular Diseases in Bhilai.
Profile:
http://openlibrary.org/a/OL4097418A
athlete's foot and congenital heart disease experience?
Good day everyone! I love to hear experiences patients' personal athlete's foot. With regard to congenital heart disease, parents' experiences while coping with illness would be great. 
I'm doing a blog about these things and it would be nice if you can grant my permission to include your story in my journal =) Yes, the foot an athlete, what I meant was that the fungus foot.
Athlete's foot? Do you mean foot fungus?